|
Vaitaḷa deuḷa or Baitala deuḷa((オリヤー語:ବଇତାଳ ଦେଉଳ), Devnagari:वैताळ देउळ) is a 9th-century Hindu temple typical Khakara temple dedicated to Goddess Chamunda located in Bhubaneswar, the capital city of Orissa, India. This is also locally known as "Tini Mundia Mandira". ==Architecture== Baitaḷa Deuḷa Temple’s striking feature is the shape of its sanctuary tower. The semi-cylindrical shape of its roof is a leading example of Khakhara order of temples— which bears an affinity to the Dravidian Gopuram of the South Indian temples. Its gabbled towers with a row of Shikharas reveals unmistakable signs of southern intrusion.〔D.P.Ghosh, Nirmal Kumar Bose and Y.D.Sharma. ''Designs from Orissan Temples''. P.24〕 The plan of the deuḷa is oblong and the ''Jaga mohan'' is a rectangular structure, but embedded in each angle is a small subsidiary shrine. Baitala deuḷa boasts of some figures, although executed in relief, are however characterized by delicacy of features and perfect equipoise. The outer walls are encrusted with panels of Hindu deities, mostly Shiva and his consort Parvati in her Shakti form, hunting processions, capturing of wild elephants and the occasional erotic couples. The facade of the deuḷa above the left of the ''Jagamohana'' is dominated by two ''Chaitya'' windows— the lower one having a beautifully carved figure of Sun God (Surya) noted for its facial expression, with Usha (Dawn) and Pratyusha shooting arrows on either side and with Aruna in front, driving a chariot of seven horses. The medallion in the upper ''Chaitya'' window houses a 10-armed Nataraja or dancing Shiva. In front of the flat roofed ''Jagamohana'' is a stone post relieved with two Buddha like figures seated in Dharma-Chakra-Pravartana mudra. Another striking feature is temple's Tantric associations, marked by eerie carvings in the sanctum and the image enshrined in the central niche, eight armed Chamunda, locally known as Kapaḷini, is the terrifying form of goddess Durga. Thus, Baitaḷa Deuḷa is a Shakti shrine. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Baitala Deula」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|